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Disaster Resilience from a Sociological Perspective: Exploring Three Italian Earthquakes as Models for Disaster Resilience Planning
This work arises from sociological refl ection about how people respond to and cope
with a natural disaster. We live in a society where risks, disasters, and catastrophes are
greatly increased because of a great number of new agents, in particular, the demo-
graphic explosion, better health conditions than in the past, the urbanization pro-
cess, postindustrial dynamics at political as well as economic levels, new life styles,
and, as a consequence, the diffi culties of coordinating all these needs and social
answers with the aim of improving living conditions for all the people in the world.
This new human situation can cause more risk and disasters than in past eras,
before the industrialization process, for example, industrial risks and disasters such
as those in Bhopal (1984) and Chernobyl (1989), to cite those that are more well-
known; it is better not to forget the dramatic importance of natural disasters such as
hurricanes, fl oods, earthquakes, such as those explored in this research in Italy: the
Umbria–Marche earthquake in 1997; the Molise earthquake in 2002, and the
Abruzzo earthquake in 2009.
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